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Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Italy, Official Web Site![]() Palazzo Pitti galleries The palazzo is now the largest museum complex in Florence. The principal palazzo block, often in a building of this design known as the corps de logis, is 32,000 square metres. It is divided into several of the principal galleries or museums detailed below. Palatine Gallery The Palatine Gallery, on the first floor of the piano nobile, is perhaps the most famous of the galleries, a large ensemble of over 500 principally Renaissance paintings which were once part of the Medici's and their successor's private art collection. The gallery, which overflows into the royal apartments, contains works by Raphael, Titian, Correggio, Rubens, and Pietro da Cortona. The character of the gallery is still that of a private collection, and the works of art are displayed and hung much as they would have been in the grand rooms for which they were intended rather than following a chronological sequence, or arranged according to school of art. The finest rooms were decorated by Pietro da Cortona in 1637 in the high baroque style. Cortona's huge frescoes depicting the "Age of Gold" and the "Age of Silver" were followed by the "Age of Copper" and the "Age of Iron". Representing the turmoil of life, they are regarded, by most connoisseurs of the arts, as his finest works. These works were so well received that the artist was given the commission to fresco a suite of seven room at the front of the palazzo. The theme for these was to be the astrological influence on the life of the ruler. While Cortona only finished three of these rooms, Mars, Jupiter and Venus, they were still sufficient to inspire the later Planet Rooms at Louis XIV's Versailles, designed by Le Brun. The collection was first opened to the public in the late 18th century, albeit rather reluctantly, by Grand Duke Pietro Leopoldo, Tuscany's first enlightened ruler, keen to obtain popularity after the demise of the Medici. Royal Apartments This is a suite of 14 rooms, formerly used by the Medici family, and lived in by their successors. These rooms have been largely altered since the era of the Medici, most recently in the 19th century. They contain a collection of Medici portraits, many of them by the artist Giusto Sustermans. In contrast to the great salons containing the Palatine collection, some of these rooms are much smaller and more intimate, and, while still grand and gilded, more suited to day to day living requirements. Period furnishings include four-poster beds and other necessary furnishings not found elsewhere in the palazzo. The King's of Italy last used the Palazzo Pitti in the 1920s, by this time it had already been converted to a museum, but a suite of rooms, now the Gallery of Modern Art, was reserved for them when visiting Florence officially. Gallery of Modern Art This large collection, spread over 30 rooms, includes works by artists of the Macchiaioli movement and of other modern Italian schools of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The pictures by the Macchiaioli artists are of particular note, as this school of 19th-century Tuscan painters led by Giovanni Fattori were early pioneers and the founders of the impressionist movement. The title gallery of modern art is today strictly incorrect, as the art here covers the period from 1700 to early 1900. No examples of later 20th-century art are included in the collection. Silver Museum The Silver Museum, sometimes called "The Medici Treasury", contains a collection of priceless silver, cameos, and works in semi-precious gemstones, many of the latter from the collection of Lorenzo de' Medici, including his collection of ancient vases, many with delicate silver gilt mounts added for display purposes in the 15th century. These rooms, formerly part of the private royal apartments, are decorated with 17th-century frescoes, the most splendid being by Gionanni di San Giovanni, from 1635–36. The Silver Museum also contains a fine collection of German gold and silver artefacts purchased by Grand Duke Ferdinand after his return from exile in 1815, following the French occupation. Porcelain Museum First opened in 1973, this museum is housed in the Casino del Cavaliere in the Boboli Gardens. The porcelain is from many of the most notable European porcelain factories, Sèvres, Meissen, and Dresden being well represented. Many items in the collection were gifts to the Florentine rulers from other European sovereigns, while other works were specially commissioned by the Grand Ducal court. Of particular note are several large dinner services by Vincennes factory, later renamed Sèvres, and a collection of small biscuit figurines. Costume Gallery This gallery, situated in a wing of the palazzo known as the "Palazzina della Meridiana", contains a collection of theatrical costumes dating from the 16th century until the present. It is also the only museum in Italy detailing the history of Italian fashions. One of the newer collections to the palazzo, it was founded in 1983 by Kristen Aschengreen Piacenti; it displays in addition to the theatrical costumes, garments worn between the 18th century and the present day. Some of the exhibits are peculiar to the Plazzo Pitti; these include the 16th-century funeral clothes of Grand Duke Cosimo I de' Medici, and Eleonora of Toledo, and her son Garzia, both of whom died of malaria. Their bodies would have been displayed in state wearing the finest clothes, before being reclothed in more simple attire before interment. The gallery also exhibits a collection of mid-20th-century costume jewellery. Museum of Zoology and Natural History, "La Specola" This museum, covering a field one would not generally expect to find in a museum complex dedicated to Renaissance art, is not as incongruous as one may first expect. This is actually one of the first parts of the palazzo to be opened to the public, and is housed in a purpose-built suite of rooms constructed in 1771 to publicly display the large collection of natural curiosities such as fossils, animals, minerals and exotic plants acquired by several generations of the Medici. At the time of its opening, and for the first years of the 19th century, it was the only scientific museum of its kind specifically created for the public to view. Today the museum is spread over 34 rooms and contains not only zoological subjects, such as a stuffed hippopotamus (a 17th-century Medici pet, which once lived in the Boboli Gardens), but also a collection of anatomical waxes, an art developed in Florence in the 17th century for the purpose of teaching medicine. Also on display are scientific and medical instruments. Some of the rooms of the museum are, like the principal rooms of the palazzi itself, decorated by frescoes and pietra dura representing some of the principal Italian scientific achievements from the Renaissance to the late 18th century. Carriages Museum This ground floor museum exhibits carriages and other conveyances used by the grand ducal court mainly in the late 18th and 19th century. Some of these carriages are highly decorative, being adorned by not only gilt but painted landscapes on their panels. Those which were used on the grandest occasions, such as the "Carrozza d'Oro" (Golden carriage) are surmounted by gilt crowns which would have indicated the rank and station of the carriage's occupants. Other carriages on view are those used by the King of the Two Sicilies, and Archbishops and other Florentine dignitaries. with help of wikipedia |
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